Home Improvement

One can delight in hydroponics gardening any season of the year, but it is especially rewarding during the cold and dark winter days. Being a type of indoor gardening, this system implies growing of plants in a special growing medium, supplied with nutrient solution, instead of soil. Similarly to other indoor gardening methods, with hydroponics gardening it is necessary to use grow lights, which allow plants to grow, make food and reproduce themselves through flowers or fruits. For this purpose HID lights are commonly used. There are several types of HID or high-intensity discharge lights: for example, metal halide grow lights and HPS grow lights. Every HID light requires digital ballast, which is necessary in order to control electrical current within the lamp, and thus provide its seamless functioning. Supplying light with a reflector is highly recommended as well, since it allows pointing the light in proper direction and increasing the light, produced by the bulb itself. Other type of grow lights are cost-effective and lightweight LED lights, where light-emitting diodes are used to produce light in colors beneficial for keeping up plant growth. The use of any of these lamps is highly effective for hydroponics growing.

Metal halide lamps contain aluminum arc tube, filled with argon, mercury and a variety of specific metals. It is a set of different metals that provide a particular color of the light, produced by the lamp. The argon gas works to start a lamp, when electric current is introduced at the electrodes on either end inside the arc tube. Under the effect of electric current mercury and metals start to vaporize and the light is produced. The key benefit of these lamps is that being small in size they produce a significant amount of light.

HPS grow lights, also known as high-pressure sodium lights, also have an aluminum arc tube inside, similarly to metal halide lights. But, the filling of the tubes is different: in case of HPS there are sodium, mercury, and the Xenon gas inside. Both metal halide lights and HPS lights require ballast for stabilizing electric current and providing smooth performance.

LED grow lights are small, but work very efficiently providing a lot of bright light. In general, they are similar to the lights, used for decorating Christmas tree. The light is produced when electric current moves between the two crystals inside a diode, which works as semi-conductor. Furthermore, LED grow lights usually have a reflector and a lens to direct the light where it is needed.

 Along with being cost effective and energy saving, there are multiple different color spectrums to choose among in order to suit specific plants needs in the best way. So, irrespectively to what type of grow light you choose, it will work accurately and provide effective growth of your indoor plants.  

Complete freedom from environmental factors gives indoor hydroponic gardening its ultimate advantage. All the elements needed for optimum plant growth are provided by the indoor hydroponic gardening system. Light, temperature, pH, CO2 and Oxygen are vital factors that should be considered in plotting your indoor hydroponic garden system.

 Light and Photosynthesis

 Essential sugars are made by plants through photosynthesis which is the process of converting carbon dioxide, water and nutrients into energy. Light is considered the most vital factor because it provides energy for this chemical reaction. Studies show that an increase in light intensity directly increases the amount of sugar produced. This steadily goes up till the saturation point for light is reached by the plant. Increasing the level of light received by the plant should also be considered. Normally, a plant receives around 8-12 hours of sunlight in a day depending on the season. Plant exposure to this amount of light received in a day should be maintained in an indoor hydroponic garden system. Spacing is also vital, be sure that they don’t block the light and ensure all plants received equal amount of light.

Plants not receiving enough grow light will have lasting negative effects on its growth even when corrected. Some characteristics are stems which are spindly and elongated leaving them ineffective in supporting plant growth. A decrease in the amount and size of the leaves is also one problem. More damaging effects of improper lighting are a decrease or absence of fruits, decreased overall quality and a change into a yellowish pigmentation for the plant.

Carbon Dioxide also plays a major role in Photosynthesis. Plants utilize the CO2 present in the atmosphere than anything else. CO2 systems are available which increase the levels of CO2 in your indoor hydroponic garden system

Excellent ventilation should also be considered as they maintain temperature and a steady fresh supply of CO2 and oxygen at all times. Complex setups require more complicated ventilation systems but an oscillating fan set on the same timer as the lights would ensure airflow that eventually allows for optimal plant nutrients in an hydroponic system.

Ebb and Flow hydroponic systems or reservoir systems are one of the simplest to build and maintain. Simplicity and low cost in setting up make it ideal for home hobbyists. Basic setup consists of a growing tray for plants in containers. Usually used with pebbles, perlite and rockwool gardening mediums. Reservoirs filled with water and hydroponic nutrient solutions are placed under the growing medium. A timer controls the amount of water pumped back into the growing tray. The draining action helps provide a steady flow of oxygen to the plants roots. An overflow drain is installed to regulate water height and avoid overflow.

 

 

Building Ebb and Flow Hydroponic System

 

 

 

The following hydroponic supplies are required for an Ebb and Flow hydroponic system

 

 

 

Growing Tray

 

 

 

Root protection requires a growing light that shields your roots from light. Plastics are preferred to metals and wood due to its light weight and durability. A thorough check of the growing medium is required to make sure that water drainage is complete. Root rot, pests problems and molds are the main problems encountered by improper drainage.

 

Plant Pots

Any non-metallic plant pot with drainage holes will suffice for a simple ebb and flow system.

 

 

Growing Medium

 

Ebb and flow systems need no special type of growing medium. Clay pebbles (sometimes called grow rocks) are usually used, they don’t need to be mixed with other mediums. Due to frequent flooding cycles, it is advised that water retention be avoided.

Supports

Support for the tray suspended above the reservoir is needed. The setup of the indoor system would dictate if a simple table or milk tray, or a customized support is required. Something sturdy is what you need for supporting the full weight of your setup. Always include the weight of the water and nutrients in plotting. Taking note the mature size and weight of the plants should also be considered. Changing the supports would present an impossible if not very hard scenario once the plants reach their full growth size.

 

 

Reservoir

 

Any large plastic can be used as a reservoir (rubber tubs and trash cans are also ideal). Rust is the main problem with metal containers.

 

 

Drains

 

Two drains are required for your garden, a drain for the water to return to the reservoir and one for the overflow drain. Fill pipes also serve as a drain pipe, allowing it to run up the same way it came down. Overflow pipes should be designed at the desired maximum level of water for the indoor hydroponic garden system. Be sure that the overflow pipe is large enough to accommodate the amount of water to be pumped out of your grow space. Ideally a figure of 125% to 135% of the amount is desired. This assures a optimum flow of nutrients for the growing medium and avoids salt and mineral to buildup.

 

 

Water Pump

 

Pump size depends on the indoor hydroponic systems needs. The amount of water and distance are factors to be considered for the size of the pumps. Aquarium pumps can be used for most small scale systems.

 

 

Timers

 

The type and cost of timers depends on the specific setup of your gardens need. Hobbyists usually employing a single time schedule can work with a cheap timer readily available at a Home Depot or Lowe’s type store. Larger more sophisticated timers are needed for advance or large scale ebb and flow systems this allows control for more than one section at a time.

 

 

Flexible Plastic Tubing

 

Transparent flexible tubing’s should be avoided to prevent algae build up. Ordinary flexible tubing’s may also be used. 

 

 

Care of Ebb and Flow Hydroponic Systems or reservoir systems are one of the simplest to build and maintain. Simplicity and low cost in setting up make it ideal for home hobbyists. Basic setup consists of a growing tray for plants in containers. Usually used with pebbles, perlite and rockwool gardening mediums. Reservoirs filled with water and hydroponic nutrient solutions are placed under the growing medium. A timer controls the amount of water pumped back into the growing tray. The draining action helps provide a steady flow of oxygen to the plants roots. An overflow drain is installed to regulate water height and avoid overflow.

 

The organic hydroponics system pre-supposes that the reservoir will not supply nutrients to the plants; thus, there will be no need to constantly check the ppm and pH balance of water. It will make wet only the lower part of the medium and the secondary roots. This system gives a gardener an opportunity to grow plants as easy as it is in soil growing without troublesome balancing of the chemicals and pH level of the water.

The technique of the organic hydroponics allows supplying organic nutrients to the upper soil-mixture layer, as in traditional plants growing. The liquid forms of the organic nutrients are mixed according to the necessary concentration and then poured onto the top of the medium upper half.  Beware, though, of pouring too many nutrients!

This experiment will help you learn how much liquid with hydroponics nutrients you should pour on your plants for its excess not to drip into the lava rock layer and, consequently, into the water reservoir. If you find out that there is an excess of feeding liquid and it drips through the lava rocks into the grow bed, you can either soak it up with a cloth, or you can use other form of fertilizer, the one without liquid. It is also reasonably to change lava rock.

But, if only a small amount of organic nutrients is noticed to drain into the reservoir, there will be no problem, as the volume of water there is much larger. Reservoir water should be changed every 1-2 weeks, similarly to the standard hydroponics nutrients chemical reservoirs

Hydroponic DIY projects can be fun and easy if you educate yourself first.  There is so much information that it can be hard to sort out.  The following hydroponic DIY methods are among the most common.

Not only will you have fun making your masterpiece, you will be eating healthy and saving money.

1. Hydroponic DIY with Deep Water Culture
Also known as the reservoir method is the simplest of all the at home hydroponic DIY. Plant containers simply sit down in a reservoir of nutrient solution. There is also an aquarium air pump that allows the roots to get oxygen. This is the best choice for organic hydroponics growing system. The one thing to be careful about with this system is to be sure that light does not hit the nutrient solution. If it does you could end up with an algae problem that will take all the nutrients that your plants need to grow.

2. Flood and Drain Systems
Also called the ebb and flow hydroponic DIY system. Plants sit in their own container separate from the nutrient reservoir. A pump allows the solution to soak the plant roots occasionally and then the solutions drains back into a reservoir. What type of media you choose will depend upon how often you flood the plant roots. The parts and functions of this hydroponic DIY system also make it a excellent choice for organic, indoor hydroponic growing system..

3. Hydroponic DIY with Aeroponic Systems
In these hydroponic DIY growing systems, a container holds several gallons of nutrient solution. Spray heads are used to soak the container with a fine mist as the plant roots hang down in the container. There is no growing medium used in this method. The individual parts can be expensive and the spray nozzles will often clog if you use anything besides hydroponics fertilizer. This method is not for you, if you are looking to grow organically.

4. Hydroponic DIY with Drip Systems
The plants are again in their own tray, separate from the nutrient reservoir. A pump pushes the nutrient solution through tubes. Each plant is fed by the dripping tube from the top. You will need a quick draining medium like clay pellets for this method, unless you are using slow emitters. Once again there can be issues with clogging and it can be hard to control the flow. A hydroponic DIY system like this will more than likely work poorly and it can get expensive. Also, organic nutrients will clog up the emitter, so this will not work well if you are trying to go organic.

After choosing a system you will want to educate yourself on the most cost efficient and successful hydroponic DIY  steps.  There are also common problems that can arise along the way.